International Survey of Herbicide-Resistant Weeds

Countries Weeds Herbicides Mutations Graphs References Researchers
HRAC GROUP 9 (LEGACY G) RESISTANT SWOLLEN FINGERGRASS
(Chloris barbata = (C. inflate))

Inhibition of Enolpyruvyl Shikimate Phosphate Synthase HRAC Group 9 (Legacy G)

Mexico, Colima
INTRODUCTION SWOLLEN FINGERGRASS
Swollen Fingergrass (Chloris barbata = (C. inflate)) is a monocot weed in the Poaceae family.  In Mexico this weed first evolved resistance to Group 9 (Legacy G) herbicides in 2018 and infests Oranges.   Group 9 (Legacy G) herbicides are known as Inhibition of Enolpyruvyl Shikimate Phosphate Synthase (Inhibition of EPSP synthase).  Research has shown that these particular biotypes are resistant to glyphosate and they may be cross-resistant to other Group 9 (Legacy G) herbicides.

The 'Group' letters/numbers that you see throughout this web site refer to the classification of herbicides by their site of action. To see a full list of herbicides and HRAC herbicide classifications click here.

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QUIK STATS (last updated Jun 22, 2020 )

Common NameSwollen Fingergrass
SpeciesChloris barbata = (C. inflate)
GroupInhibition of Enolpyruvyl Shikimate Phosphate Synthase HRAC Group 9 (Legacy G)
Herbicidesglyphosate
LocationMexico, Colima
Year2018
Situation(s)Oranges
Contributors - (Alphabetically)Hugo Cruz-Hipólito, Rafael De Prado, and Ja Dominguez Valenzuela 
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ACADEMIC ASPECTS

Confirmation Tests

Greenhouse, and Laboratory trials comparing a known susceptible Swollen Fingergrass biotype with this Swollen Fingergrass biotype have been used to confirm resistance. For further information on the tests conducted please contact the local weed scientists that provided this information.
 
Genetics

Genetic studies on HRAC Group 9 resistant Swollen Fingergrass indicate that the inheritance is determined by a one gene trait.  There may be a note below or an article discussing the genetics of this biotype in the Fact Sheets and Other Literature
 
Mechanism of Resistance

Studies on the mechanism of resistance of Group 9 (Legacy G) resistant Swollen Fingergrass from Mexico indicate that resistance is due to an altered target site.  There may be a note below or an article discussing the mechanism of resistance in the Fact Sheets and Other Literature
 
Relative Fitness

There is no record of differences in fitness or competitiveness of these resistant biotypes when compared to that of normal susceptible biotypes.  If you have any information pertaining to the fitness of Group 9 (Legacy G) resistant Swollen Fingergrass from Mexico please update the database.
 
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CONTRIBUTING WEED SCIENTISTS

HUGO CRUZ-HIPÓLITO
Research Asociate
Universidad De Córdoba
Química Agrícola Y Edafología
Campus Universitario De Rabanales Edif. C-3 3ª Planta
Córdoba, 14002
Spain
Email Hugo Cruz-Hipólito
RAFAEL DE PRADO
Research Asociate
Universidad De Cordoba
Qvimica Agricola Y Edafologa
E T S Ingenieros Agronomos
PO Box 119
Cordoba, E-14080, Andalusia
Spain
Email Rafael De Prado
JA DOMINGUEZ VALENZUELA
Phd
Universidad Autónoma Chapingo
Parasitología Agrícola
Area De Malezas Departamento De Parasitología Agricola
Texcoco, 56230, Andalusia
Mexico
Email Ja Dominguez Valenzuela

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

The Herbicide Resistance Action Committee, The Weed Science Society of America, and weed scientists in Mexico have been instrumental in providing you this information. Particular thanks is given to Hugo Cruz-Hipólito, Rafael De Prado, and Ja Dominguez Valenzuela for providing detailed information.
Herbicide Resistant Swollen Fingergrass Globally
(Chloris barbata = (C. inflate))
Herbicide Resistant Swollen Fingergrass Globally
(Chloris barbata = (C. inflate))
Drag a column header and drop it here to group by that column
Herbicide Resistant Swollen Fingergrass Globally
(Chloris barbata = (C. inflate))
#CountryFirstYearSituationActive IngredientsSite of Action
1 MexicoMexico 2018 Oranges glyphosate 29 Inhibition of Enolpyruvyl Shikimate Phosphate Synthase ( HRAC Group 9 (Legacy G)
 		53Chloris barbata = (C. inflate)Swollen Fingergrass18197
2 United States (Hawaii) United StatesHawaii1987 Roadsides, and Sugarcane for sugar ametryne 45 PSII inhibitors - Serine 264 Binders ( HRAC Group 5 (Legacy C1 C2)
 		53Chloris barbata = (C. inflate)Swollen Fingergrass227
3 United States (Hawaii) United StatesHawaii1987 Roadsides, and Sugarcane for sugar diuron 45 PSII inhibitors - Serine 264 Binders ( HRAC Group 5 (Legacy C1 C2)
 		53Chloris barbata = (C. inflate)Swollen Fingergrass228
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