International Survey of Herbicide-Resistant Weeds

Countries Weeds Herbicides Mutations Graphs References Researchers
HRAC GROUP 2 (LEGACY B) RESISTANT WHITE WALLROCKET
(Diplotaxis erucoides)

Inhibition of Acetolactate Synthase HRAC Group 2 (Legacy B)

Israel
INTRODUCTION WHITE WALLROCKET
White Wallrocket (Diplotaxis erucoides) is a dicot weed in the Brassicaceae family.  In Israel this weed first evolved resistance to Group 2 (Legacy B) herbicides in 2012 and infests Wheat.   Group 2 (Legacy B) herbicides are known as Inhibition of Acetolactate Synthase (Inhibition of Acetolactate Synthase ).  Research has shown that these particular biotypes are resistant to florasulam, flumetsulam, imazamox, imazethapyr, and tribenuron-methyl and they may be cross-resistant to other Group 2 (Legacy B) herbicides.

The 'Group' letters/numbers that you see throughout this web site refer to the classification of herbicides by their site of action. To see a full list of herbicides and HRAC herbicide classifications click here.

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QUIK STATS (last updated Dec 19, 2012 )

Common NameWhite Wallrocket
SpeciesDiplotaxis erucoides
GroupInhibition of Acetolactate Synthase HRAC Group 2 (Legacy B)
Herbicidesflorasulam, flumetsulam, imazamox, imazethapyr, and tribenuron-methyl
LocationIsrael
Year2012
Situation(s)Wheat
Contributors - (Alphabetically)Maor Matzrafi, and Baruch Rubin 
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NOTES ABOUT THIS BIOTYPE

MECHANISM

ALS inhibitor resistance in  Diplotaxis erucoides is due to a Tryptophan 574 to Leucine mutation.  Maor Matzrafi.

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ACADEMIC ASPECTS

Confirmation Tests

Greenhouse, and Laboratory trials comparing a known susceptible White Wallrocket biotype with this White Wallrocket biotype have been used to confirm resistance. For further information on the tests conducted please contact the local weed scientists that provided this information.
 
Genetics

Genetic studies on HRAC Group 2 resistant White Wallrocket indicate that the inheritance is determined by a dominant trait.  There may be a note below or an article discussing the genetics of this biotype in the Fact Sheets and Other Literature
 
Mechanism of Resistance

Studies on the mechanism of resistance of Group 2 (Legacy B) resistant White Wallrocket from Israel indicate that resistance is due to an altered target site.  There may be a note below or an article discussing the mechanism of resistance in the Fact Sheets and Other Literature
 
Relative Fitness

There is no record of differences in fitness or competitiveness of these resistant biotypes when compared to that of normal susceptible biotypes.  If you have any information pertaining to the fitness of Group 2 (Legacy B) resistant White Wallrocket from Israel please update the database.
 
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CONTRIBUTING WEED SCIENTISTS

MAOR MATZRAFI
Postdoctral Researcher
University of California
Department of Plant Sciences
MS 4
Davis, 95616
Israel
Email Maor Matzrafi
BARUCH RUBIN
Professor
Hebrew University Of Jerusalem
Inst. Plant Sci. & Genetics In Agriculture
Faculty Of Agric.
Food & Environm.
Rehovot, 76100, Israel
Israel
Email Baruch Rubin

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

The Herbicide Resistance Action Committee, The Weed Science Society of America, and weed scientists in Israel have been instrumental in providing you this information. Particular thanks is given to Maor Matzrafi, and Baruch Rubin for providing detailed information.
Herbicide Resistant White Wallrocket Globally
(Diplotaxis erucoides)
Herbicide Resistant White Wallrocket Globally
(Diplotaxis erucoides)
Drag a column header and drop it here to group by that column
Herbicide Resistant White Wallrocket Globally
(Diplotaxis erucoides)
#CountryFirstYearSituationActive IngredientsSite of Action
1 IsraelIsrael 2012 Wheat florasulam, flumetsulam, imazamox, imazethapyr, and tribenuron-methyl 23 Inhibition of Acetolactate Synthase ( HRAC Group 2 (Legacy B)
 		285Diplotaxis erucoidesWhite Wallrocket5702
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