HRAC GROUP 9 (LEGACY G) RESISTANT TALL WINDMILL GRASS
(Chloris elata)

Inhibition of Enolpyruvyl Shikimate Phosphate Synthase HRAC Group 9 (Legacy G)

Brazil

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INTRODUCTION TALL WINDMILL GRASS Tall Windmill Grass (Chloris elata) is a monocot weed in the Poaceae family.  In Brazil this weed first evolved resistance to Group 9 (Legacy G) herbicides in 2014 and infests Soybean.   Group 9 (Legacy G) herbicides are known as Inhibition of Enolpyruvyl Shikimate Phosphate Synthase (Inhibition of EPSP synthase).  Research has shown that these particular biotypes are resistant to glyphosate and they may be cross-resistant to other Group 9 (Legacy G) herbicides. The 'Group' letters/numbers that you see throughout this web site refer to the classification of herbicides by their site of action. To see a full list of herbicides and HRAC herbicide classifications click here.

QUIK STATS (last updated Jun 26, 2014 ) Common Name Tall Windmill Grass Species Chloris elata Group Inhibition of Enolpyruvyl Shikimate Phosphate Synthase HRAC Group 9 (Legacy G) Herbicides glyphosate Location Brazil Year 2014 Situation(s) Soybean Contributors - (Alphabetically) Caio Brunharo, Pedro Christoffoleti, Todd Gaines, Marcel Sereguin Cabral de Melo, Marcelo Nicolai, and Scott Nissen  Edit this Case  |  Add New Case of Resistance  |  Add Note

ACADEMIC ASPECTS Confirmation Tests Greenhouse trials comparing a known susceptible Tall Windmill Grass biotype with this Tall Windmill Grass biotype have been used to confirm resistance. For further information on the tests conducted please contact the local weed scientists that provided this information.   Genetics Genetic studies on HRAC Group 9 resistant Tall Windmill Grass have not been reported to the site.  There may be a note below or an article discussing the genetics of this biotype in the Fact Sheets and Other Literature   Mechanism of Resistance The mechanism of resistance for this biotype is either unknown or has not been entered in the database.  If you know anything about the mechanism of resistance for this biotype then please update the database.   Relative Fitness There is no record of differences in fitness or competitiveness of these resistant biotypes when compared to that of normal susceptible biotypes.  If you have any information pertaining to the fitness of Group 9 (Legacy G) resistant Tall Windmill Grass from Brazil please update the database.   Edit Case  |  Add Note  |  Add Article  |  Add New Case  |  Help

CONTRIBUTING WEED SCIENTISTS CAIO BRUNHARO Student University of California at Davis Plant and Environmental Sciences One Shields Avenue Davis, 95616, California United States Email Caio Brunharo PEDRO CHRISTOFFOLETI Associate Professor III Universidade de Sao Paulo Crop Science Department ESALQ - USP - LPV - Av. Padua Dias 11 - C. Postal 09 Piracicaba, 13418-900, São Paulo Brazil Email Pedro Christoffoleti Web   : Web Site Link TODD GAINES Assistant Professor Colorado State University Bioagricultural Sciences and Pest Management 1177 Campus Delivery Fort Collins, 80523, Colorado United States Email Todd Gaines Web   : Web Site Link MARCEL SEREGUIN CABRAL DE MELO Weed Resistance Monitoring Specialist Bayer Plant growth 5005, Dr. Roberto Moreira avenue Bairro Recanto dos pássaros, Setor EAE Paulínia, 13148-914, Sao Paulo Brazil Email Marcel Sereguin Cabral de Melo Web   : Web Site Link MARCELO NICOLAI Graduate Student Phd University Of Sao Paulo Crop Science A438 Plant& Soil Science Building Department Of Horticulture, Piracicaba, 13418-900, Sao Paulo Brazil Email Marcelo Nicolai Web   : Web Site Link SCOTT NISSEN Professor and Extension Specialist Colorado State University Weed Science Office: 115 Weed Lab Fort Collins , 80523, Colorado United States Email Scott Nissen Web   : Web Site Link

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The Herbicide Resistance Action Committee, The Weed Science Society of America, and weed scientists in Brazil have been instrumental in providing you this information. Particular thanks is given to Caio Brunharo, Pedro Christoffoleti, Todd Gaines, Marcel Sereguin Cabral de Melo, Marcelo Nicolai, and Scott Nissen for providing detailed information.

Herbicide Resistant Tall Windmill Grass Globally (Chloris elata) Herbicide Resistant Tall Windmill Grass Globally (Chloris elata) Drag a column header and drop it here to group by that column Herbicide Resistant Tall Windmill Grass Globally (Chloris elata) # Country Country StateName FirstYear Situation Active Ingredients CountryID Site of Action WeedID Species CommonName ResistID 1 Brazil Brazil   2014 Soybean glyphosate 5 Inhibition of Enolpyruvyl Shikimate Phosphate Synthase ( HRAC Group 9 (Legacy G) 316 Chloris elata Tall Windmill Grass 8918

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